Double-Edged Power: Historical Records of Gender and Race All's well in white male 19th century America: the women are happy and content the darkies are laughing and carefree. But all is not so well from the viewpoint of those two oppressed segments of society. The oppression of women and Black Americans in the 19th century and popular expressions of that oppression by means of needlework and caricatures, respectively, were imposed on them from within and without, and yet those same forms often became creative outlets. Emphasizing quilts as a means of revealing the social history of women, Pat Ferrero's Hearts and Hands eloquently presents "fragments of time," illustrated by needlework, which tell a story of the ultimate triumph of women during a century from which we usually hear few female voices. This same century gave rise to the caricatures of Black Americans that persist in contemporary American popular culture. In Ethnic Notions, Marlon Riggs hits us with the images whites created for Blacks and which Blacks were forced to recreated to gain employment in vaudeville, theatre, and film. Hearts and Hands is uplifting; Ethnic Notions is sobering. Both films should be seen and used by folklorists, popular culture specialists, historians, sociologists, and race and gender scholars. Crafted with great care and sensitivity, these films are tributes to the power of the visual image...For every quilter, each quilt becomes a story. For Ferrero, these quilts are texts, and needles the pens, that create a pattern of historical fragments carefully gathered and arranged to reveal an aesthetic, double-edged picture of women's power in the 19th century.